為深入(ru)貫(guan)徹(che)落(luo)實(shi)黨中央、國(guo)務院關于安(an)全生產(chan)工作(zuo)的各項決策(ce)部(bu)署，提升廣大電力員工的安(an)全文化素養，營造電力行(xing)業和諧(xie)守規的安(an)全文化氛圍。2020年(nian)7月，國(guo)家能源(yuan)局(ju)印發了《》（以下簡稱(cheng)《指導意見》）。現從四(si)個方(fang)面對《指導意見》進行(xing)政策(ce)解讀。

  一、《指導意見》出臺背景、重要性和必要性

  黨(dang)的(de)十八大(da)以來(lai)，以習(xi)近平同志(zhi)為(wei)核心的(de)黨(dang)中央高度(du)(du)重(zhong)視(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)作(zuo)，習(xi)近平總書記多次作(zuo)出(chu)重(zhong)要(yao)指(zhi)示批示。2016年(nian)12月，中共中央、國(guo)務院(yuan)正式(shi)印發(fa)《關于推(tui)(tui)進(jin)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)領(ling)域(yu)改(gai)(gai)革發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)意見》，提(ti)出(chu)“推(tui)(tui)進(jin)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化建(jian)設(she)(she)，加強警(jing)示教育(yu)(yu)，強化全(quan)(quan)民安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意識和法治意識”等要(yao)求(qiu)。2017年(nian)11月，國(guo)家發(fa)展(zhan)改(gai)(gai)革委、國(guo)家能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)局(ju)印發(fa)《關于推(tui)(tui)進(jin)電力(li)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)領(ling)域(yu)改(gai)(gai)革發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)實施意見》，將(jiang)“推(tui)(tui)進(jin)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化建(jian)設(she)(she)”納(na)入(ru)五十項重(zhong)點任務統籌考慮(lv)。2018年(nian)，國(guo)家能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)局(ju)先后出(chu)臺電力(li)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、應急能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)和網絡安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)3個(ge)三(san)年(nian)行(xing)動計(ji)劃，對電力(li)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)作(zuo)進(jin)行(xing)了再強調、再部署。今年(nian)2月，國(guo)務院(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)委會印發(fa)年(nian)度(du)(du)工(gong)作(zuo)要(yao)點，要(yao)求(qiu)各成(cheng)員(yuan)單位(wei)“普(pu)及(ji)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)知識、培育(yu)(yu)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化”。國(guo)家能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)局(ju)作(zuo)為(wei)行(xing)業指(zhi)導(dao)部門(men)，推(tui)(tui)進(jin)電力(li)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化建(jian)設(she)(she)，勢在必(bi)行(xing)。

  在習近(jin)平新時代(dai)中國特(te)色社會主(zhu)義思(si)想(xiang)指引下，各電力(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)秉承“安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)是(shi)技術，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)是(shi)管理，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)是(shi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)是(shi)責任”的基(ji)本(ben)理念，結(jie)合電力(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生產領域(yu)改(gai)革(ge)發(fa)(fa)展實際，提(ti)出了(le)很多內涵(han)豐(feng)富(fu)、特(te)色鮮明的安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)，為促進我國電力(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生產形勢(shi)持(chi)續穩定(ding)向(xiang)好(hao)提(ti)供了(le)思(si)想(xiang)保障。但隨著我國經濟進入高(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)展新時期，電力(li)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)正在發(fa)(fa)生復雜(za)而深刻的變(bian)化(hua)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)建設面(mian)臨諸多挑(tiao)戰(zhan)。從(cong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)層面(mian)看(kan)(kan)，核心(xin)價(jia)值體(ti)系(xi)尚未確(que)立，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)建設基(ji)本(ben)規(gui)范、標準缺失(shi)，不(bu)同領域(yu)、區域(yu)、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)之間的安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)發(fa)(fa)展不(bu)均(jun)衡(heng)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)載體(ti)相對單一(yi)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)傳播(bo)體(ti)系(xi)亟(ji)待(dai)完(wan)善(shan)。從(cong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)層面(mian)看(kan)(kan)，思(si)想(xiang)上重視程度(du)(du)不(bu)夠，一(yi)些基(ji)層班組安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意(yi)識淡(dan)薄，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)缺乏延續性，人力(li)、物力(li)、財力(li)投入嚴重不(bu)足(zu)(zu)，制度(du)(du)規(gui)范執(zhi)行(xing)不(bu)到位，宣傳教育(yu)相對滯后。從(cong)員工層面(mian)看(kan)(kan)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)素養參差不(bu)齊(qi)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)知識和技能有待(dai)進一(yi)步提(ti)高(gao)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)活動參與(yu)動力(li)不(bu)足(zu)(zu)，考核評(ping)價(jia)體(ti)系(xi)有待(dai)健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。

  在此背景下，國家(jia)能源局在全面總(zong)結“電(dian)力安全文化建(jian)設年”活動的基礎(chu)上，印發《指導意見(jian)》。

  二、電力安全文化建設的指導思想、原則和目標

  電(dian)力安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)設的指導思想是：以(yi)習近平新時(shi)代中(zhong)國(guo)特色社會主(zhu)義思想為(wei)(wei)指導，以(yi)總(zong)體(ti)國(guo)家安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)觀和(he)能源安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)新戰(zhan)略為(wei)(wei)指引(yin)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)面貫徹落(luo)實黨中(zhong)央、國(guo)務(wu)院關于安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生產(chan)工(gong)作的決策部署，牢固樹立安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)發展理念，以(yi)強化(hua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)意識、規范安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)行為(wei)(wei)、提(ti)升(sheng)防范能力、養(yang)成安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)習慣為(wei)(wei)目標，創新載體(ti)、注重實效(xiao)，推動構建(jian)自我約束、持續改進的安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)設長(chang)效(xiao)機制，全(quan)(quan)(quan)面提(ti)升(sheng)電(dian)力行業安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)設水平，充分(fen)發揮安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)化(hua)的引(yin)領作用，全(quan)(quan)(quan)力打造和(he)諧守規的電(dian)力安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)文(wen)化(hua)。

  電(dian)力安全(quan)文化建設(she)應遵循(xun)的(de)4項基(ji)本原(yuan)則：全(quan)面系統、開(kai)放包容、整體協同、形式多樣。

  電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)主要目(mu)標是：行業(ye)層面，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)開(kai)展電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，促進(jin)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)安(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)形勢持(chi)續穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)向好，確(que)保電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統安(an)全(quan)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)運行和(he)(he)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)可靠(kao)供(gong)應。企(qi)業(ye)層面，逐步建(jian)(jian)立電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)責(ze)任體(ti)系、培(pei)訓教育體(ti)系、管理監督體(ti)系、考核評價體(ti)系等，把安(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)作為企(qi)業(ye)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)一項重要內容，為企(qi)業(ye)安(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)奠定(ding)基礎。員工(gong)層面，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)宣傳(chuan)教育、學(xue)習培(pei)訓，使安(an)全(quan)理念轉化(hua)為行動自(zi)覺(jue)，使安(an)全(quan)技能得到有效提升(sheng)，充分發揮安(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)引領、凝(ning)聚、輻射作用，為家庭幸福和(he)(he)社會(hui)和(he)(he)諧提供(gong)保障(zhang)。通(tong)過(guo)(guo)開(kai)展電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，使和(he)(he)諧守(shou)規的(de)(de)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)深(shen)入人心，電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)體(ti)系日(ri)趨完善，電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)員工(gong)安(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)素養穩(wen)(wen)步提升(sheng)。

  三、電力安全文化建設的實施路徑

  《指導(dao)意見》提出了6項重點工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)力安(an)全文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)；二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)力安(an)全文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)組織機(ji)構建設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)；三是(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)力安(an)全文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)播體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)力安(an)全文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)發展(zhan)機(ji)制建設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)力安(an)全文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)教育培訓體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。六是(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)力安(an)全文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)建設(she)(she)品(pin)牌企(qi)業(ye)創(chuang)建完善(shan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。

  《指導意見(jian)》同時提出了10項主要任務：一是(shi)(shi)構建電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)體系。二是(shi)(shi)加強電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)建設(she)保障(zhang)。三是(shi)(shi)開展(zhan)電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)建設(she)評估(gu)。四是(shi)(shi)開展(zhan)電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)建設(she)交流。五是(shi)(shi)開展(zhan)電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)宣傳(chuan)教育。六是(shi)(shi)強化(hua)(hua)電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)技術支撐(cheng)。七(qi)是(shi)(shi)加強電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)線上培訓(xun)。八是(shi)(shi)建設(she)電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)信用(yong)體系。九是(shi)(shi)加快電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)成果(guo)孵(fu)化(hua)(hua)。十是(shi)(shi)促進電力(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)資金投入。

  四、落實《指導意見》的保障措施

  《指(zhi)導意見》提出(chu)了3個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)的保(bao)障(zhang)措(cuo)施：一是(shi)加(jia)強組織(zhi)領(ling)導。高度重視電力安(an)(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)設工作(zuo)，可根(gen)據(ju)工作(zuo)需要設置組織(zhi)機構(gou)，制定總體(ti)目標(biao)和(he)具體(ti)措(cuo)施，將安(an)(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)設與生產經(jing)營(ying)工作(zuo)同部署、同推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)。二是(shi)加(jia)強資金保(bao)障(zhang)。拓寬投入渠道，形(xing)成(cheng)行(xing)業、企業和(he)社(she)會共同支持的多(duo)元化(hua)投入機制，為安(an)(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)發展提供必(bi)要的經(jing)費保(bao)障(zhang)，確保(bao)安(an)(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)研究(jiu)、教育、傳(chuan)播活動有序進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)。三是(shi)加(jia)強宣(xuan)傳(chuan)引(yin)導。對電力安(an)(an)全(quan)文(wen)化(hua)建(jian)設進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)主題宣(xuan)傳(chuan)、典型宣(xuan)傳(chuan)，營(ying)造和(he)諧守規的電力安(an)(an)全(quan)良好氛圍(wei)。